• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Anchor (1) for precast concrete support (2), of the type that comprise an upper anchor plate (3) with a hole (30) to receive a fixing bolt (4), comprising extensions embedded in the concrete (20) of the support (2); comprising: - A lower anchor plate (6) parallel to the first upper anchor plate (3) and arranged at the bottom of the support (2), provided with a second hole (60) axially aligned with the first hole (30) of the upper anchor plate (3), - a metal sheath (7) joined to the anchor plates (3, 6) and relating both, axially aligned with the holes (30, 60) for the passage of the bolt (4), and - where the extensions are attached to both anchor plates (3, 6). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2784948A1
    申请号:ES201930420
    申请日:2019-03-26
    公开日:2020-10-02
    发明作者:Garcia Rafael Perez；Gian Luca Assi；Lamiel Ricardo Ingles
    申请人:Zambelli Sergio；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0005] The present invention refers to an anchor for precast concrete support, usable in structural concrete and mixed structures.
    [0009] At present, anchors for precast concrete supports are known, such as concrete pillars or piles, which comprise an upper anchor plate, with a hole to receive a fixing bolt (for example embedded in a footing), said plate comprising of anchoring some extensions that are embedded in the concrete of the precast support, having a plurality of anchors in the support, for example four corners. In this way, the fixing bolts are inserted through the anchor holes and the corresponding washers and nuts are screwed, and by tightening the nuts on the anchor plates, the support is fixed.
    [0011] For example, document ES2200434 describes this configuration, also including a box on the anchor plate to generate space to place the washer and the nut on the bolt and some Y-shaped plates to configure said box and fix it to the extensions that remain embedded. in the concrete.
    [0013] Document WO2012056101 describes a similar anchor, where the anchor plate is provided with a bolt hole and an upper structure with a bushing to place the upper extension that remains embedded in the support, the upper structure defining a housing for the bolt, and said upper restructure being made of cast iron, the bolt hole and the bushing being coaxial.
    [0015] Document WO2007 / 074212 also presents the general configuration described.
    [0017] Document EP3020867 A1 also presents this configuration, with a configuration that shows an open-sided bolt box or cover, embodied by a side plate and having an opening for inserting the bolt nut, comprising at least one horizontal rear attachment means attached to the outer surface of the side plate at two points, and a vertical rear attachment means attached to the horizontal rear attachment means between the attachment points, so that the vertical rear attachment means are located between the horizontal rear attachment means and the side plate, understood as means of union the extensions that are embedded in the concrete of the precast support.
    [0019] These configurations fulfill their function acceptably, but they do not manage to tie the different bolts that are arranged at the start of the support, having a lower resistance to shear stress compared to the anchor of the invention, since in these anchors there are smooth pieces that create flush with the concrete - that is, areas without adhesion that do not get a good grip with the concrete.
    [0023] The anchor of the invention has a configuration that achieves optimum resistance to longitudinal tensile and compressive stresses, and especially to shear stresses.
    [0025] The anchor is of the type that comprises an upper anchor plate with a hole to receive a fixing bolt (for example, a threaded bolt at its end, embedded in a shoe), said upper anchor plate comprising extensions that remain embedded in the concrete of the support, having a plurality of anchors in the support, for example four corners, and according to the invention also comprises:
    [0026] -a second lower anchor plate, parallel to the first upper anchor plate and arranged at the bottom of the support, provided with a second hole axially aligned with the first hole of the first upper anchor plate,
    [0027] -a metal sheath that is attached to the anchor plates and relating both, and that is axially aligned with the holes for the passage of the bolt, and
    [0028] -where the extensions are attached to both anchor plates.
    [0030] In this way, the sheaths at the base of the support are embedded in the concrete as a lost formwork to facilitate the insertion of the bolt, increasing the tensile strength against shear forces since the sleeve will transform this tension into compression throughout along its entire length, also distributing this effort over said length.
    [0032] The upper anchor plate herein is understood to be immediately in contact with the upper fixing nut and washer.
    [0034] But it is that, in addition, this makes it possible to join a precast concrete piece (Pillar, beam, panel) allowing it to be supported externally with steel stirrups in all its parts of the joint. The abutment power allows us to confine the concrete in the areas where the joining system is located, avoiding cracks and fissures that usually occur with metallic elements that are not confined. It also allows us to comply with regulations where they force us to place stirrups at a certain distance from the edge of the face of the concrete pieces and distances from the foundation and support reinforcements, and eliminates the gradients that do not achieve good adhesion with the concrete.
    [0036] Indeed, taking Eurocode 8 as normative reference: DESIGN CONDITIONS FOR EARTHQUAKE STRUCTURES, Part 1-3: GENERAL RULES. SPECIFIC RULES FOR DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND ELEMENTS, in section 2.7 for Beams, and in section 2.8 for Columns or Pillars, the maximum spacing between stirrups with which to be used is detailed according to the ductility class (CDL, CDM and CDH). they must develop the structural elements in the areas of their start-ups, a design criterion that is respected by being able to arrange stirrups between the upper and lower plates that make up the anchor object of the invention; In the same line or design criteria, in the Spanish Regulation NCSE-02 in its Chapter 4, section 4.5, depending on the seismic acceleration of the calculation, the maximum separation between stirrups to be arranged in the structural elements is also included.
    [0038] At the plan design level, the plan layout of the corrugated bars (extensions that join both anchor plates) that form part of the anchor are developed allowing the minimum and maximum dimensions specified in the reference standard "Eurocode 2 in its chapter 5.2.1.1 "Spacing between bars as well as in the Spanish Regulation EHE-08 in its section 69.4.1.1 the minimum separation between bars.
    [0040] Likewise, for the maximum separation between overlapping bars both in Eurocode 2 in its section 5.2.4.1.1 as well as Instruction EHE-08 in its section 69.5.2.2 the maximum separation between overlapping bars is detailed.
    [0041] The configuration of the invention allows the pouring and compaction of the concrete to develop satisfactorily and in such a way as to ensure adequate adhesion between the concrete and the reinforcements as well as the development of the mechanisms for transferring forces in overlapping reinforcements.
    [0043] For example, these regulations oblige us to maintain a distance between bars of the support and the foundation of at least 2.5 times the diameter of the bars (which cannot be achieved with current anchors without diverging their extensions or bars, and yes with the invention), and they also oblige any reinforcement or reinforcement in the concrete to overlap at least 5 centimeters, so it is not allowed to put stirrups in the current anchors without breaking this rule. On the other hand, both the sheath and the extensions, being attached to both anchor plates and being embedded in the concrete, greatly increase the adherence to the concrete and eliminate the gradients, which have even produced some cases of collapse in prefabricated structures.
    [0045] Furthermore, the sheath can be eventually filled with grout afterwards, immobilizing the bolt that passes through it and minimizing the buckling of the reinforcements and maximizing resistance.
    [0047] But it is also that, by having the two anchor plates related through the sheath, it has been seen that the compression resistance of the anchor by the nut threaded on the bolt is increased. Indeed, at present an excessive tightening torque on the nut results in excessive compression that can crack the concrete in the vicinity of the anchor. By arranging the sheath, this resistance increases even above the resistance of the bolt thread, avoiding the drawback described. In addition, the placement of a lower nut or locknut against the lower anchor plate is allowed, improving this tightening without cracking the concrete.
    [0049] The invention is therefore developed in the field of structural engineering with main application in the field of precast concrete structures as well as in the field of the interaction between structures with precast concrete elements and the rest of structural typologies such as concrete structures in situ, metal structures in which mixed structural solutions are developed combining both structural typologies.
    [0051] Figure 1 shows a view of the anchor of the invention.
    [0053] Figure 2 shows an elevation view of the union of a precast concrete pillar to a footing through the corresponding bolts embedded in it, radiographing the elements of the anchors of the invention and the reinforcement stirrups around the sheaths.
    [0055] Figure 3 shows an elevation view of the connection of the pillar to the footing, completed.
    [0057] Figure 4 shows a view of a bolt used to join the pillar of Figures 2 and 3.
    [0059] Figure 5 shows a horizontal section of a pillar with four anchors of the invention angled by an area superior to the upper anchor plate and to the recess for the placement of the corresponding nut.
    [0061] Figure 6 shows a horizontal section of a column with four anchors of the invention angled by the area of the upper anchor plate.
    [0063] Figure 7 shows a horizontal section of a column with four anchors of the invention angled by the area of the lower anchor plate.
    [0065] Figure 8 shows a view similar to that of figure 1, in a variant of the invention where both anchor plates have the same surface.
    [0067] Figure 9 shows a view similar to that of figure 1, in a variant of the invention where both anchor plates have the same surface and are quadrangular in shape, for joining concrete panels to each other, since they do not have corners For these joints, the quadrangular configuration of the anchor plates is more suitable.
    [0069] The anchor (1) for the precast concrete support (2) of the invention (see figs 1 and 2) is of the type that comprises an upper anchor plate (3) with a hole (30) to receive a bolt (4) of fixation (for example embedded in a footing (100), said upper anchor plate (3) comprising extensions -for example rods (5) - that remain embedded in the concrete (20) of the support (2) to be attached to it , having a plurality of anchors (1) in the support (2), for example four corners, and according to the invention further comprises:
    [0070] -a lower anchor plate (6) parallel to the first upper anchor plate (3) and arranged at the bottom of the support (2), provided with a second hole (60) axially aligned with the first hole (30) of the upper anchor plate (3),
    [0071] -a metal sheath (7) that is attached to the anchor plates (3, 6) and relating both, and that is axially aligned with the holes (30, 60) for the passage of the bolt (4), and
    [0072] -where the extensions are attached to both anchor plates (3, 6).
    [0074] In this way the resistance to shear is reinforced, being able to even have in the support (2), embedded in the concrete (20) some stirrups or perimeter reinforcement (8) for tying around the sheaths (7) of the anchors (1) ( see figs 2, 5, 6 and 7). In addition, the tightening of the joint is improved by placing the upper and lower nuts (70) acting against both anchor plates (3, 6) (see fig 2), where the upper nut is placed in a recess (80) provided in the prefabrication of the support (2), which is then concreted as seen in fig 3.
    [0076] It has been envisaged that the metallic sheath (7) may comprise external roughnesses (70) to improve the grip of the concrete (20) (see fig 1).
    [0078] On the other hand, the extensions are fixed to both anchor plates (3, 6) on the inside (the one that remains on the inside) of the support (2), to be more covered in the concrete and achieve adequate fire resistance . As indicated, it is preferred that said extensions comprise rods (5) for the economy of manufacture and availability. In a first variant of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 7, the lower anchor plate (6) has a smaller surface in plan than the upper anchor plate (3) on the inside of the support (2) as seen in Figures 1, 5, 6 and 7, being welded to their lateral edge the extensions or rods (5); and the upper anchor plate (3) comprising holes (33) in the oversized area (32) with respect to the lower anchor plate (6) for the passage of the extensions or rods (5), being joined at these points also by welding. In this way, by means of a welded joint with complete penetration in the thickness of said upper anchor plate (3), the extensions or rods (5) continue in straight extension, developing them with a length equivalent to the overlap length necessary to perform the correct transmission of forces between the mechanical component and the main longitudinal reinforcements that are part of the support reinforcement (2). Furthermore, the extensions or rods (5) are ideally extended straight above the upper anchor plate (3) to simplify manufacture.
    [0080] In another variant of the invention shown in FIG. 8, the lower anchor plate (6) has the same surface area as the upper anchor plate (3); both plates (3, 6) comprising holes (33) on the inside of the support (2) for the passage of the extensions or rods (5), being joined at these points by welding, with similar advantages regarding the plate upper anchor (3), with a little more material but with better fixation of the extensions or rods (5) to the lower anchor plate (6). It is also preferred that the extensions or rods (5) are ideally extended straight above the upper tie plate (3) to simplify manufacture.
    [0082] For joining concrete panels, the variant of the invention shown in fig 9 is preferred, where two upper and lower quadrangular plates (3, 6) are arranged, and where the extensions or rods (5) are arranged at a corner, both of which may be plates (3, 6) the same surface in plan, as shown in fig 9, or the lower anchor plate (6) be smaller than the upper anchor plate (3) so that the extensions or rods are They are welded to the lateral edge of the lower anchor plate (6), a variant not shown. It is also preferred that the extensions or rods (5) are ideally extended straight above the upper tie plate (3) to simplify manufacture.
    [0084] In any case, it is preferred that the extensions or rods (5) preferably comprise a corrugated (50) to grip the concrete (20) of the support (2).
    [0086] In addition, provision has been made for the possibility that the free space left by the bolt (4) through the The interior of the sheath (7) is filled with grout (not shown), preventing the movement of the bolt (4) through this space and minimizing buckling.
    [0088] Having sufficiently described the nature of the invention, as well as the way it is carried out in practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated above and represented in the attached drawings are susceptible to modifications in detail as long as they do not alter the fundamental principle.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. -Anchor (1) for support (2) of precast concrete, of the type comprising an upper anchor plate (3) with a hole (30) to receive a fixing bolt (4), comprising said upper anchor plate (3) some extensions that remain embedded in the concrete (20) of the support (2); characterized in that it comprises:
    -a lower anchor plate (6) parallel to the first upper anchor plate (3) and arranged at the bottom of the support (2), provided with a second hole (60) axially aligned with the first hole (30) of the upper anchor plate (3),
    -a metal sheath (7) that is attached to the anchor plates (3, 6) and relating both, and that is axially aligned with the holes (30, 60) for the passage of the bolt (4), and
    -where the extensions are attached to both anchor plates (3, 6).
    [2]
    2. -Anchor (1) for support (2) of precast concrete according to claim 1 characterized in that the extensions comprise rods (5).
    [3]
    3. -Anchor (1) for support (2) of precast concrete according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal sheath (7) comprises external roughnesses (70) to grip the concrete (20).
    [4]
    4. -Anchor (1) for precast concrete support (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extensions are fixed to both anchor plates (3, 6) on the inside of the support (2).
    [5]
    5. -Anchor (1) for precast concrete support (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower anchor plate (6) has a smaller surface in plan than the upper anchor plate (3) on the inside of the support (2), the extensions being welded to its lateral edge; The upper anchor plate (3) comprising holes (33) in the oversized area (32) with respect to the lower anchor plate (6) for the passage of the extensions, being joined at these points also by welding.
    [6]
    6. -Anchor (1) for support (2) of precast concrete according to claim 4 characterized because the lower anchor plate (6) has the same surface area as the upper anchor plate (3); both plates (3, 6) comprising holes (33) on the inside of the support (2) for the passage of the extensions, being joined at these points by welding.
    [7]
    7.-Anchor (1) for precast concrete support (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper and lower plates (3, 6) are quadrangular, and where the extensions are arranged at a corner.
    [8]
    8. Anchor (1) for precast concrete support (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extensions are extended straight above the upper anchor plate (3).
    [9]
    9. -Anchor (1) for precast concrete support (2) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the extensions comprise a corrugated (50) to grip the concrete (20) of the support (2).
    [10]
    10. -Anchor (1) for precast concrete support (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath (7) is filled with grout in the free space left by the bolt (4)
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    ES2311445T3|1999-06-04|2009-02-16|PFEIFER HOLDING GMBH & CO. KG|DEVICE TO JOIN TWO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS.|
    US20100170166A1|2002-03-05|2010-07-08|Kari Viljakainen|Spot footing|
    EP3009575A1|2014-10-15|2016-04-20|Kappa Filter Systems GmbH|Connecting device for mechanically coupling concrete slabs, and concrete wall constructed with same|
    CN105350562A|2015-11-18|2016-02-24|中国航空规划设计研究总院有限公司|Inserting type column leg with accurate leveling device and construction method of inserting type column leg|
    法律状态:
    2019-06-05| PC2A| Transfer of patent|Owner name: SERGIO ZAMBELLI Effective date: 20190530 |
    2020-10-02| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2784948 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20201002 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930420A|ES2784948B2|2019-03-26|2019-03-26|ANCHOR FOR PREFABRICATED CONCRETE SUPPORT.|ES201930420A| ES2784948B2|2019-03-26|2019-03-26|ANCHOR FOR PREFABRICATED CONCRETE SUPPORT.|
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